Participants

Robert Berg; Head of Investor Relations; IHS Holding Ltd

Sam Darwish; Chairman of the Board, Group Chief Executive Officer; IHS Holding Ltd

Steve Howden; Chief Financial Officer, Executive Vice President; IHS Holding Ltd

Richard Choe; Analyst; JPMorgan

James Schneider; Analyst; Goldman Sachs

Michael Rollins; Analyst; Citi

Gustavo Campos; Analyst; Jefferies

Stella Cridge; Analyst; Barclays

Presentation

Operator

Good day, and welcome to the IHS Holding Limited fourth quarter and full year 2024 earning results call for the three-month and four-year periods ending December 31, 2024. Please note that today's conference is being webcast and recorded. (Operator Instructions)
At this time, I'd like to turn the conference over to Robert Berg. Please go ahead, sir.

Robert Berg

Thank you, operator. Thanks to everyone for joining the call today. I'm Robert Berg, Head of Investor Relations here at IHS. With me today are Sam Darwish, our Chairman and CEO; and Steve Howden, our CFO.
This morning, we filed our annual report on Form 20-F for the full year ended December 30, 2024, with the SEC, which can also be found on the Investor Relations section of our website and issued a related earnings release, presentation, and supplemental deck. These are the consolidated results of IHS Holding Limited, which is listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the ticker symbol IHS and which comprises the entirety of the group's operations.
Before we discuss the results, I would like to draw your attention to the disclaimer set out at the beginning of the presentation on slide 2, which should be read in full along with the cautionary statements regarding forward-looking statements set out in our earnings release and 20 filed as well today.
In particular, the information to be discussed may contain forward-looking statements, which, by their nature, involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties, and other important factors, some of which are beyond our control, that are difficult to predict, and other factors which may cause actual results, performance, or achievements, or the results to be materially different from any future results, performance, or achievements or industry results expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements, including those discussed in the risk factors section of our Form 20-F filed today with the Securities and Exchange Commission and other filings with the SEC.
We'll also refer to non-IFRS measures, including adjusted EBITDA that we view as important in assessing the performance of our business, and ALFCF that we view as important in assessing the liquidity of our business. Our reconciliation of non-IFRS metrics to the nearest IFRS metrics can be found in our earnings presentation, which is available on the Investor Relations section of our websites.
And with that, I'd like to turn the call over to Sam Darwish, our Chairman and CEO.

Sam Darwish

Thanks, Robert, and welcome, everyone, to our fourth quarter and full year 2024 earnings results call. We're reporting a strong performance in 2024, ending the year on a high with a strong Q4. Our key metrics revenue adjusted EBITDA and ALFCF, all coming in ahead of our guidance while CapEx was below expectations, and we saw a drop in our consolidated net leverage ratio.
Our positive momentum reflects the continued strong secular trends we are seeing across our business, a more stable macroeconomic environment, strong operational focus, as well as the significant commercial and financial progress we have made during 2024 as part of our ongoing strategic review. I'll go into more details on these important drivers on the next slide.
Looking at our revenue, we saw 48% organic growth driven by 6.5% constant currency growth, as well as a significant benefit from our ForEx resets and power indexation, which play a vital role in helping to offset the currency devaluation we face during the year.
As you can see from the slide, this was above our guidance range and was aided by 9.2% constant currency growth in the fourth quarter of 2024 compared to the fourth quarter of 2023, driven by growth in revenue from colocation, these amendments, and new sites.
We continue to benefit from strong structural trends with growth underpinned by continued 5G deployment across our markets and importantly, macroeconomic stabilization within our largest market, Nigeria.
Turning to profitability, our adjusted EBITDA reached $928 million in 2024, with a margin of 54.3%, up 100 basis points compared to 2023. Again, this came in ahead of our guidance on the back of strong momentum in Q4, where we achieved a 56.3% margin. This performance against the backdrop of the macroeconomic headwinds we have been navigating highlights the resilience of our financial model, the strength of our current structures, and our continued financial discipline.
We are pleased with our ALFCF generation during the year which at $304 million was also ahead of guidance and was driven by operational performance and ongoing cap optimization.
As I will discuss shortly, we continue to focus on our balance sheet with our net leverage at 3.7 times at the end of 2024, falling from 3.9 times at the end of Q3 2024. We carried out a number of significant refinancings through the year which pushed out our maturities and shifted more of our debt into local currency.
As part of our strategic review, we received disposal proceeds from the sale of our Kuwait operations in December 2024, which we sold at 14.2 adjusted EBITDA after leases, and we will look to continue to earmark excess cash for further debt repayments.
We are comforted that since the Q1 2024 significant Naira devaluation in Nigeria, we have seen the naira strengthening on good US dollar availability, enabling us to source an upstream $271 million from Nigeria alone in 2024. In addition to the solid financial performance, we have made significant progress through 2024 across a number of our strategic initiatives.
Let's turn to slide 6 to look at some of the highlights. In May 2024, we outlined some initial objectives of our strategic review, all aimed at creating shareholder value.
These included: one, increasing our profitability and substantially reducing our CapEx to increase cash flow generation; two, continuing to review our portfolio of markets with a target of raising $500 million to a billion dollars; and three, capital allocation of excess cash flow following the implementation of these strategic initiatives was expected to be primarily utilized to reduce debt, and we will also consider share buybacks and or introducing a dividend policy.
During the year, we have delivered on numerous elements of our strategic review, pushing to unlock shareholder value versus what we believe is our existing suppressed valuation.
We believe we have made strong commercial progress, an important area for us in terms of improving the financial profile of the business, while also enabling us to continue to de-risk our future cash flows. We have extended commercial contracts with key customers into the next decade, including all our MTN MLAs covering over 25,000 tenancies up to 20 to 2032 or beyond. In addition to the extension of our Airtel Nigeria MLA to 2031, this draws a line under a series of successful customer renewals.
The result of this significant commercial progress is that we have recently renewed or extended 72% of our group revenue, which we believe markedly improves our financial profile and visibility. Our average tenant term now sits at 7.8 years, and we have increased our contracted revenue to $11.9 billion.
We are also reassured by the improving backdrop within our largest market, Nigeria. In January, Nigeria's telecom regulator, the NCC approved a 50% increase in tariffs for mobile network carriers, the first tariff adjustment in 12 years. These increases will support the ability of our carrier customers to continue investing in infrastructure and innovation, ultimately benefiting consumers through improved services and connectivity, including better network quality and greater coverage.
Through a number of initiatives, we have de-risked our operating model by materially reducing our exposure to power prices, with the expectation that this would result in reduced volatility of our earnings. Through our contract renewals, we have moved the significant majority of our business to either power pass through like in South Africa or power indexation like in Nigeria, closer allowing our operating model to the steel and grass model in more developed countries.
As I have already highlighted, our 2024 financial performance highlights the progress we have made towards our goal of increasing adjusted EBITDA and substantially reducing our CapEx to increase cash flow generation, with over $300 million of ALFCF generated in 2024, despite significant ForEx headwinds.
In addition to our continued cost discipline and narrowed focus on capital allocation, we will benefit from a reduction in withholding tax rates in Nigeria. Effective from January 1, 2025, amounts withheld by customers in Nigeria which are paid to the IFRS were reduced from 10% to 2%, and we expect this to be significantly supportive to our cash flow generation in 2025 and going forward.
We also continue to assess groupwide costs, CapEx structures, and new ways to operate our networks, including how we can introduce more technology, especially artificial intelligence, into our ways of working to help us realize future efficiencies.
Steve will discuss our financial performance and 2025 guidance in more depth later in this call, but to summarize, we are pleased with the progress we have made, and our 2025 guidance implies a continuation of these trends with continued organic revenue growth and a further step up in adjusted EBITDA margin and ALFCF generation, notwithstanding the disposal of our Kuwaiti business.
Moving to our balance sheet, we continue to take a disciplined approach to capital deployment, recognizing the importance of maintaining a strong balance sheet. We made important moves during the year in line with our strategic priorities to extend our debt maturity profile and shift more of our debt into local currency. This was evidenced in Q4 when we refinanced $1.6 billion of our debt to the issuance of new senior notes and a new term loan. We remain comfortable with our cash and liquidity position with over $900 million of available liquidity at the end of 2024.
During the year, we made significant enhancements to our governance. The proposals to amend the company's articles of association were approved by shareholders at the AGM held in June. The voting results marked a significant achievement for IS, better aligning our governance framework with that of the mature US listed companies.
As part of our strategic review, we committed to examining our portfolio of markets to determine the right composition for ITS going forward.
In December we completed the disposal of our 70% stake in IHS Kuwait to Zain Kuwait with an enterprise value of $230 million that we believe highlights the significant value contained within the component parts of our wider portfolio. This comes on top of the sale of our Peru business earlier in the year. Our current footprint stas 8 markets across two continents can be seen on slide 7. Our disposal work remains in progress as we continue with the target of raising $500 to a billion dollars.
As previously indicated, excess cash following implementation of our strategic initiatives is expected to be primarily used to reduce debt while also considering share buybacks and or introducing a dividend policy.
So to summarize on slide 8, after a strong fourth quarter performance, we ended 2024 with financial results ahead of guidance, leverage reducing, asset disposals underway, shareholder rights improved, and with the dearest commercial and operating business model. We have made significant progress towards our strategic goals, but there is more work to do.
Looking to 2025 and beyond, we remain focused on further enhancing our profitability and cash flow generation, as can be seen in our 2025 guidance. We are committed to further strengthening our balance sheet, supported by further select asset disposals aiming to deliver increasing returns for all our shareholders. We remain excited by the strong structural growth opportunities across our footprint and believe we are well placed to leverage our market leading positions to support growing demand for our critical communications infrastructure with growth underpinned by continued 5G deployment across our larger markets. An improving backdrop with our largest market in Nigeria after recent carrier tariff rate increases and an improving macroeconomic position continues to help.
And with that, I'll turn the call over to Steve.

Steve Howden

Thanks, Sam, and hello, everyone. Turning to slide 10. Here, we show our full year '24 and fourth quarter '24 performance. Our results came in better than expected against a challenging but improving macroeconomic environment in Nigeria, where we saw higher levels of stability in the latter part of the year.
As we look at the results, please note the year-over-year comparisons are in some cases impacted by the Kuwait disposal that closed in December 2024, and we've called these out where relevant. In terms of the results, both towers and tenants are down approximately 2% and 1% respectively year over year, while lease amendments increased by high single-digit percentages. Both tower and tenant figures would have grown year-on-year in the absence of the Kuwait disposal.
On a reported basis in the fourth quarter, revenue declined by approximately 14% year-on-year, impacted by the very different FX environment versus the fourth quarter of 2023 and the new financial terms with MTN Nigeria, but increased 4.2% compared to the third quarter of 2024.
As a reminder, Naira average FX rate to the dollar was NGN815 in the fourth quarter of 2023 and was NGN1,629 in the fourth quarter of 2024. Adjusted EBITDA was down 10% year-on-year, but adjusted EBITDA margin was up 250 basis points, reflecting our continued cost control and the resilience of our financial model. Fourth quarter of 2024 adjusted EBITDA was in line with third quarter adjusted EBITDA.
Meanwhile, ALFCF declined by almost 9%, impacted by similar factors affecting revenue and adjusted IA in addition to the higher interest costs following our bond refinancing in November fourth quarter of 2024 ALFCF increased again by 23% versus third quarter of 2024 ALFCF.
Our level of CapEx investment decreased by 37% in the quarter and 56% for the year, largely driven by the pullback in CapEx across all segments as we continue to focus on improving cash generation.
Finally, our consolidated net leverage ratio increased year-on-year to 3.7 times at the end of the year. Having peaked at 3.9 times in the second quarter and third quarter of 2024, it is now delevered 0.2 times from third quarter to the end of the year, which obviously includes the impact of the Kuwait disposal.
Slide 11 shows the components of our fourth quarter 2024 revenue on a consolidated basis, where you can see how the Naira devaluation in particular turned a quarter of strong organic and constant currency growth into a 14% decline. The Naira devalued 50% in Q4 '24 versus Q4 '23, yet the business delivered organic revenue growth of 39%, driven primarily by FX resets, power, CPI escalators, and lease amendments.
And from a constant currency perspective, revenue grew over 9%, driven primarily by CPI escalations, new lease amendments, and new colocations, so positive signs of the fundamental underlying tenancy growth continuing across our key markets. The right side of the page shows the organic growth rates of each of our segments for the quarter where our Nigeria segment grew approximately 62%, obviously including a large benefit from the FX resets.
Slide 12 shows the full year version of our growth bridge highlighting the FX impact again, but also the contractual protections of CPI escalators and FX resets that help to partly mitigate the FX volatility.
On slide 13, you can see our consolidated revenue adjusted EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA margins for the fourth quarter and for the year 2024, as we've already discussed and highlighting that our results beat our guidance across these metrics.
Specifically in the fourth quarter of 2024, adjusted EBITDA of $246 million and adjusted EBITDA margin of 56.3% continues the trend of higher margins post our first-quarter dip from that Naira devaluation.
Onto slide 14 and adjusted levy cash flow. In the fourth quarter of 2024 we generated ALFCF of $107 million. That's a 9.3% decrease versus the fourth quarter of 2023. This was primarily due to the decrease in adjusted EBITDA and an increase in interest costs following our November bond refinancing, partially offset by a decrease in revenue withholding tax. ALFCF cash conversion rate was 43.5%. Again, though, I'd like to note the positive progression of ALFCF and its conversion rate through the quarters of 2024.
For the full year, we generated ALFCF of $304 million and our ALFCF cash conversion rate was 32.8%. Onto CapEx and fourth quarter '24 CapEx of $83 million decreased 37% year-on-year and full year CapEx of $256 million decreased by 56%, continuing the trends that we've seen over recent quarters.
The decrease in the full year CapEx was driven by lower expenditure across all of our segments. The decrease in Nigeria, primarily driven by reductions related to Project Green, given the investment in that project is largely complete.
In Sub-Saharan Africa, primarily driven by a decrease in refurbishment CapEx and the reduction in LATAM CapEx driven by decreases related to fiber and new site CapEx, although we still retain a healthy level of new site build in Brazil.
On the segment review on to slide 15, I'll start as usual with Nigeria. In November, the Central Bank of Nigeria introduced the Payment System Vision 2025. That's a strategic roadmap for the Nigeria payment systems as the CBN aims to continue enhancing its financial transparency.
In November, the Monetary Policy Committee increased interest rates by 25 basis points, bringing the MPR to 27.5%. That's a total of 6 rate hikes during 2024. These actions appear to have had a positive impact again on Nigeria's FX market, with the currency appreciating in December and more recently into Q1 2025.
We've seen an increase in US dollars in Nigeria, and FX reserves in the country have again increased to $40.9 billion at the end of December 2024, up from $38.4 billion at the end of September 2024. And since the FX environment adjusted in Q1, we've been able to continue upstreaming. We've upstreamed $271 million to the group during the year from Nigeria alone.
Most recently, the National Bureau of Statistics re-based Nigeria's Consumer Price Index, bringing January 2025 headline inflation rate to 24.5% versus the 34.8% in December of 2024. And then most recently in February of this year 2025, the NPC held the policy rates steady at 27.5% for the first time in six meetings and reaffirmed they remained focused on creating price stability in the country. So continued macroeconomic progress, but obviously more work still to be done.
For us, specifically in Nigeria for IHS, our fourth quarter 2024 revenue of $259 million decreased 19% year-on-year on a reported basis, reflecting what we've previously discussed the significant FX headwind year over year and the impact of the new financial terms with MTN Nigeria. This more than offset the 61.5% organic growth which was driven primarily by FX resets and power indexation.
Our colocation rate was down to 1.56 times. That's down from 1.59 times in the fourth quarter of 2023. Given we reintegrated 210 towers, and we have 529 tenant churn in the third quarter of 2024 from our smallest key customer in Nigeria, which we were not recognizing revenue on at the time. So lease amendments continue to be an important driver of growth, increasing 3% year-on-year as our customers added additional equipment to our sites.
And the fourth quarter, 2024 segment adjusted EBITDA in Nigeria was $155 million. That's a 22.5% decrease from a year ago, while segment adjusted EBITDA margin was down 250 basis points to 59.8% given the reduction in revenue described and a write down of inventory in the period as well, partially offset by a reduction in tower repairs, maintenance costs, and diesel costs.
Leaving to our Sub-Saharan African segment, revenue was broadly flat, and segment adjusted EBITDA increased 29.6% year-on-year.
This performance was primarily due to lower revenues and lower costs being recognized in South Africa following the unwind of the Power managed services agreement with MTN South Africa, which has no impact on segment adjusted.
The performance has further benefited from new colocations, lower regulatory fees, and reduced tower repairs and maintenance costs, and segment adjusted EBITDA margin increased substantially by 1,480 basis points as a result to 65.1%.
In our LATAM segment, towers and tenants grew by 7.9% and 7.2% respectively. Revenue decreased by 18% because of negative FX movements and the reduction in revenue recognition from Oi, given their judicial recovery proceeding early in 2024. In Brazil, our second largest market with 8,326 towers, macro conditions softened this quarter as the Brazilian re continued to devalue against the dollar, and there were increases in both interest rates and inflation.
In terms of LATAM profitability, while segment adjusted EBITDA decreased by 10%, segment adjusted EBITA margin increased 750 basis points versus the fourth quarter of 2023, which mostly reflects the decrease in revenue, while savings across several cost lines was accreted for margins.
And then MENA, as Sam discussed, we completed the disposal of our 70% interest in IHS Kuwait on December 19, 2024, resulting in excuse me, resulting in 12 fewer days trading in both the fourth quarter of 204 and the full year '24 when comparing to the prior periods.
Given the disposal date as of the end of the year, the entire tower portfolio, tenants and lease amendments have been deconsolidated.
Given our Kuwait disposal and our decision not to commence operations in Egypt, MENA will not be a reportable segment from Q1 2025.
Slide 17 looks at our returns and capital allocation. In 2024, we continue to focus on driving returns and delivered a return on invested capital of 15.8% versus 14.6% the prior year.
Our improved 2024 ROIC reflects our narrowed focus on capital allocation and has benefited from, amongst other things, robust pre cash flow generation, the impact of the narrow devaluation and the disposal of our Kuwaiti operations.
In terms of capital allocation, you can see that a significant portion of our spend in FY24 was related to discretionary CapEx outside of new sites, followed by maintenance or non-discretionary CapEx and new site CapEx itself, where we're a leading builder of new sites in Brazil.
The $130 million discretionary CapEx excluding new sites was largely spent on fiber rollout, augmentation for colocation and lease amendments, and some other cost saving initiatives. Discretionary CapEx declined significantly from 2023 given a narrowed focus on capital allocation and given the project green investment is now largely complete.
Moving to slide 18, and we look at the capital structure and its related items. So at the end of the year, at the end of 2024, we had approximately $3.9 billion of external debt in the IFRS 16 lease liabilities. That's a reduction of approximately $240 million versus the third quarter of 2024.
And of the $3.9 billion approximately $2.2 billion represent our bond financings, including our successful November 2024 $1.2 billion dual tranche senior notes refinancing.
In the other indebtedness line is our new $439 million and $0.05 year term loan refinance that we completed in October of 2024. And as Sam mentioned, these refinancings are evidence of a desire to continue to improve the strength and flexibility of our balance sheet, which is a really important component of our strategic review. Through this new term loan in the senior notes, we've extended our 2025, partial '26 and '27 maturities out to 2029, 2030, and 2031.
Also with the new South African rand tranche of our term loan, it swaps dollar obligations into local currency as we seek to more closely match our debt FX exposure to our current revenue FX profile. And we believe we've managed to achieve this at manageable interest rates versus the previous debt it was replacing.
Cash and cash equivalents were $578 million at the end of the year, and in terms of where that cash is held, approximately 19% was held in Naira at our Nigeria business.
And as we mentioned earlier, we've been upstreaming from Nigeria. We upstreamed another $153 million from Nigeria in the fourth quarter, bringing the total from Nigeria to $271 million for 2024 as a whole. While we continue to upstream in 2025, we do caution it remains to be determined if the increased dollar availability will be sustained.
Consequently, from all these moving elements at the end of the year, our consolidated net debt was down over $400 million to $3.3 billion. Our consolidated net leverage ratio came down 0.2 to 3.7 times versus the end of the third quarter of 2024. And as communicated last quarter, we expected leverage to drop following the realization of any disposals, and our 3.7 times net leverage ratio captures the impact of our Kuwait sale in December of 2024. We expect leverage to remain within our target 3 to 4 times net leverage ratio in 2025, but continuing to drop organically during the year, supplemented by any further disposals.
Moving to slide 19. We're introducing 2025 guidance that shows further growth in our revenues when excluding the impact of the Kuwait disposal. Growth in adjusted EBITDA and also growth in ALFCF. It includes revenue in the range of $1.68 billion to $1.71 billion, implying organic growth of 12% year-on-year at the midpoint of the range; adjusted EBITDA in the range of $960 million to $980 million, implying 4% growth at the midpoint; ALFCF in the range of $350 million to $370 million, implying 18% growth at the midpoint; and total CapEx in the range of $260 million to $290 million.
So a few points I'd like to make here. And number one, although it might be obvious, our 2025 guidance excludes any contribution from Kuwait after its disposal at the end of 2024. And as a reminder, the meanest segment revenue in 2024 was $45 million.
Secondly, I'll speak more about FX in a moment, but we include assumptions of continuing devaluation in the Naira, albeit much more moderate than what we saw in 2024.
And thirdly, our 2025 guidance includes the impact from the approximate 1,000 sites that were not renewed as part of the agreement with MTN Nigeria back in August of 2024.
With regards to CapEx, we anticipate to spend between $260 million and $290 million. That's in line with our strategic priority of taking a narrow approach to capital deployment and improving our cash flow generation.
This CapEx range, which includes a reduced BTS guidance versus previous years, is broadly in line with what we spent in 2024, and we believe enables us to still uphold our goal of maintaining double digit organic revenue growth in 2025.
For the year we expect to build approximately 500 towers, including approximately 400 in Brazil.
We continue to recognize the importance of maintaining a strong balance sheet and reiterate our net leverage target of 3 to 4 times, albeit we expect to be within the bottom half of the range by year end.
That's driven by adjusted EBITDA growth and higher cash flow generation. Disposals will supplement this deleveraging as and when they complete.
As I said, our guidance also reflects an expected significant increase in ALFCF in 2025, driven by adjusted EBITDA growth, narrowed capital allocation, and lower withholding tax in Nigeria after the rate was reduced from 10% to 2% effective at the start of 2025.
The bottom of the slide shows the average annual FX rate assumptions we've used in our 2025 guidance. For the year we're assuming an average rate of NGN1,640 to the US dollar, which includes NGN1,525 to the dollar in Q1, and then devaluation through the year to NGN1,785 to the dollar by year end.
And finally on slide 20, we provide the estimated full-year financial impact of a theoretical 10% devaluation or appreciation in the Naira and how that would impact our financials. While our 2025 guidance already assumes an annual average of NGN1,640 to the dollar for the full year, here, we've shown the impact of the 10% movement beyond what we've already assumed in guidance.
The figures in the middle of the page, including the approximate $35 million to $40 million and $20 million to $25 million impact to revenue and adjusted EBITDA, respectively, provide a sense of what the 12-month run rate impact would be using our 2025 expectations.
You'll see on the right side of the illustration in the middle of the page excludes an incremental approximately $15 million that could impact in the quarter of devaluation actually occurring, assuming the devaluation was to occur at the beginning of the quarter.
Yeah, that represents the maximum lag that could occur between devaluation and when most of our FX resets would start to kick in at the beginning of the next quarter. And as a reminder, the vast majority of our resets are quarterly.
This now brings us to the end of our formal presentation. We thank you for your time today, and operator, please now open the line for questions.

Question and Answer Session

Operator

(Operator Instructions) Richard Choe, JP Morgan.

Richard Choe

I wanted to get an update on the Airtel new tenancies in Nigeria. How that's going so far? And how much of that is planned for this year?

Steve Howden

Richard, good to hear from you. So yeah, the Airtel contract is progressing. We've got quite a bit done in the second half of 2024 and that then a lot of that comes through in 2025 and 2026. So we haven't kind of given specific guidance around numbers, but you know that contract is flowing nicely and as a reminder most of that's colocation and 5G lease amendments.
There is a little bit of BTS, a handful of sites in 2025 and 2026, but most of it's colocation.

Richard Choe

Great. And then in talking about the potential for stock buybacks and dividends, is there a preference and how should we think about the timing of that evolving this year?

Steve Howden

Yeah, I mean, I think that that continues to be under evaluation and what we said for a little while is that we're in the process of disposing of $500 million to $1 billion of assets that's ongoing and that's the first target we want to get that done. Kuwait disposal was obviously a first step along that path and more work to do there.
And then, once we've got a bit further into that disposal program, then we'll look to reassess that option. We've said. That the first amount will primarily be reduced to reducing debt, and that remains the case, but then we are obviously starting to think through what a share buyback and dividend program could look like. As a reminder, we did -- we have had a small share buyback program in place. We didn't utilize it for most of 2024, given we were under the strategic review. So there is a history of doing that, but there's no real preference at this point between those eventual capital allocation decisions between share buyback and dividends. We'll evaluate that over the coming months and quarters.

Sam Darwish

Hi, this is Sam. I do want to add something on the first question that you had on Airtel in Nigeria. Look, last year was a very tough year for everyone, but as we're seeing now Nigeria firing back, helped by the fact that.
Maybe not bad or affected by the US tariffs, new tariff policies. Its currency has increased by 7% since the November elections. It's probably the top performing currency in the world at the moment. Stock markets in Nigeria are delivering 4% growth in dollar terms since the beginning of this year. Better than many bigger markets, inflation is subsiding, so we've seen the carriers beginning to be more bullish about their CapEx plan. Both carriers, big carriers have announced that. So we are extremely bullish about Nigeria at the moment about the rollout of both MTN and Airtel and others, and you can see that in our numbers and in our guidance.

Richard Choe

One follow-up with that, Sam, do you expect the carriers because of the new chairs to implement network spending this year that will help IHS? Or is that more of a 2026 event?

Sam Darwish

Sorry, the what? I didn't get the question.

Steve Howden

Well.

Richard Choe

The spending from the new tariffs, by NTN and they're telling a lot of carriers, do you think that's an impact for 2025 or more for 2026?

Sam Darwish

I believe it will be partly in 2025. It has to be partly in 2025 because several of they have service, quality of service and rollout, soft rollout obligations in my view. It wasn't really published, but I do believe that the government would like to see better quality of service, better rollout in certain areas, especially rural areas. So I do think it's not crystal clear at the moment, but I do think that we will see a positive impact this year also.

Operator

Jim Schneider, Goldman Sachs.

James Schneider

Just on the strategic review, you've obviously made very good progress on some of the portfolio optimization activities already. You're already within the high end maybe of your target leverage range. So maybe could you characterize how much more is there to go in terms of portfolio optimization? Are we more than halfway done here or we even closer to that to the end of that process? And then maybe, you've been very clear about your desire to do either share backs and or dividend policy, but you maybe talk about your appetite for incremental acquisitions of assets to maybe bolster your portfolio in areas where you already have a lot of scale?

Steve Howden

Jim, thanks for the question. So in terms of the first part, we've been pretty public and pretty consistent since May of last year that we were targeting $500 million to $1 billion of asset disposals. We've done one around $230 billion for Kuwait, so that indicates we're not done yet. We've managed to get through a significant amount of work and lots of progress in other areas as well last week as you heard talk about.
In the earnings quarter on the commercial side, the operational side, specifically in relation to balance sheet, yes, we're now starting to see all of that cash flow generation and disposals come to fruition in reducing debt, reducing leverage. We're down at 3.7 times now. And I just make clear again reiterate our target range is 3 to 4 times leverage, but we do expect to be in the bottom half of that range by the end of 2025. That's without any further disposals, so obviously one would assume that future disposals would supplement that positively as well, so. So that's kind of where we are on that on that piece in relation to wider capital allocation decisions, acquisitions are not on the agenda at this point in time.
We're very focused on increasing cash flow generation, utilizing that cash for debt pay down, and more focused around potential share buybacks and dividends in due course before we think again about acquisitions, but. We've said, we keep evaluating that through the course of the year.
We're very pleased with where things have come operationally in the business and also macroeconomically starting to look better and better in a variety of markets. So we'll keep that under evaluation, but yeah, M&A is probably at the end of the queue at the moment.

James Schneider

Helpful, thanks. And then in the answer to the prior question, Sam, I think you referenced the desire for MTN and other series in Nigeria maybe start increasing CapEx spending as early as the end as the end of this year and into next year. Can you maybe talk about maybe the one or two other markets where you see the most positive macro indicators and specific signals from carriers outside Nigeria, where they might start to increase CapEx.

Steve Howden

Yeah, I'll say that you can jump in as well. We're continuing to see decent momentum across a variety of our African markets. They don't add up to as much as a big market like Nigeria, but we're continuing to see positive momentum, the Francophone markets, Cameroon Cote d'Ivoire, with leasing activity, be it communication and the want for new build sites, et cetera. So there's plenty going on in Francophone Africa.
South Africa continues to sort of add incrementally. And even Brazil, Brazil's had a bit more macroeconomic softness in the last quarter or two, but even there we're seeing some fundamental dynamics have shifted in the last 6 to 12 months in that market, which, hopefully, lead to a much more positive outlook we've been going through our workings with oil and as some of the others as well and that's kind of coming to a conclusion now. And what we're seeing is, plenty of the carriers are looking at substantial 5G roll out. So although, Brazil and that Sam has been a bit softer in ports, we can see where it could go, and it's a positive longer term picture. Sam, I don't if you want to add anything.

Sam Darwish

I think just to the that we really believe Africa could be a direct beneficiary of the impending tariff wars that we're seeing happening between more markets that are integrated with the US economy because largely Africa is not integrated in terms of manufacturing or other large kind of like economic sectors, so we're seeing that we're seeing. The impact of many of these policies that have or many of the issues that we've seen, the macro issues that we've seen kind of like coming back out of it, so we're extremely bullish, and we believe the carriers will indeed increase their caps. The recent announcement indicated they are more bullish. It's beginning to increase, so we expect to see much more in the coming few months.

Operator

Michael Rollins, Citi.

Michael Rollins

So first, thank you for adding into the revenue bridge the constant currency presentation disclosures. I'm curious if you could share those constant currency performance metrics by region for 2024 and compare what those expectations are within the guidance by segment for 2025.

Steve Howden

Hey, Mike. Well, you're welcome. I know it's something that you're after, so we have our disclosures. I also know you like more and more. We haven't put it in in terms of the forward-looking guidance for the year.
That's something that we can maybe think through for future periods, but hopefully, it's helpful for people to see if we break down the various components of our growth. There's obviously quite a lot of moving parts, especially given we have FX resets and the impact of FX given our emerging market currency exposures we try to.
It doesn't actually change the fundamental presentation of what we've shown to people before in the revenue bridges, but obviously it just compartmentalizes elements stripping out that. So we haven't given it for forward-looking. Let us think through that as to whether that's something we could add in future. I don't see why not.

Michael Rollins

And maybe then just in the aggregate level, so if you look at what's implied in that 12% at the midpoint, are there some indications that you can give us on like how much is coming from colocation and these amendments in aggregate for the portfolio versus your escalators or other components of the bridge just to center around, where the growth is coming from for the business in '25 as it would compare to full year '24?

Steve Howden

Yeah, so if you look on our presentation on slide 12, you see the FY24 bridge, and we just use that as a guide. So CPI for '25 will be a little bit down, not too much down but a little bit down versus that as we see inflation rates moderating. And new sites roughly similar colocation will be up versus that new lease amendments and fiber similar, maybe a little bit less but certainly new colocations up, and then other is really sort of the noise and that will be next to next to zero at this point in time and you know that's really 2023 items that are flushing out in the comparable.
So yeah, not too dissimilar, but a bit more focused on colocations is what we are forecasting and seeing in the markets.

Michael Rollins

Great, and I apologize if I missed this in the commentary, on slide 19, the CapEx range of 260 to 290 million. How much of that is, recurring CapEx that's included in the ALFCF definition and how much of that is CapEx.

Steve Howden

Yeah, it's about a third of that CapEx is maintenance, which gets you to sort of, within sort of ranges midpoints about 85 to $90 million of maintenance CapEx. And if you remember from the end of last year, we've been guiding sort of $24 million to $25 million per quarter of maintenance CapEx, we've obviously disposed of the business. And you know some other work we've been doing, so you know we're trending a little bit lower than that, about $22 million to $23 million a quarter at this point in time for maintenance CapEx.

Michael Rollins

It's just the last question, as you think about your different markets, industry structure, possible consolidations, is there anything that you want to flag for us that's left in terms of, possible churn in the business over the next few years that we all should be mindful of?

Steve Howden

Well, I think everybody's aware of the Nigeria piece which is playing out through the course of 2025 and that was well signposted last year.
But other than that, no, we're not seeing anything else. We're seeing positive leasing trend across all major markets. So, yeah, more of a positive picture, to be honest.

Sam Darwish

At the moment all our contracts are renewed into the 2030s. At the moment we've got more than 12 or 13 billion of contracted revenue.
Well our exposure to oil in Brazil at the moment is less than 1%, if any, so we feel extremely confident and comfortable with where we stand.

Michael Rollins

Thanks very much.

Operator

Gustavo Campos, Jefferies.

Gustavo Campos

Congratulations on the results and thank you very much for the presentation and all the details. My first question is, again, sorry to follow up on the asset disposals. I just wanted some confirmation if you are still going to adhere to your previous 0.5 to $1 billion target for asset sales and as far as your.
Your portfolio selection for these asset sales, what will be the broader criteria, any specific geographies or types of assets that you are targeting here any caller on that would be very helpful. That's my first question.
Thank you.

Steve Howden

So yes, the $500 million to $1 billion range is still the target, so that's very straightforward. We're working hard on that.
And in terms of portfolio selection or market selection, we've also said historically that it could include things like minority states, for example, so we weren't sort of ruling out a number of different value realization opportunities. We haven't been specific on markets clearly we're looking to highlight the value of IHS versus share price performance. So we are looking at a number of different opportunities and we'll keep people updated.
We don't want to be negotiating these transactions in the public domain, so you'd appreciate we're not going to get too much information on live discussions.

Sam Darwish

I may add, at the end of the day, the reason we are conducting this strategic review is that we believe that we remain undervalued. We have sold a couple of asset portfolios at almost 3 times the multiples we are given by the public markets. I mean, Kuwait sold for 14.2. But at the moment at roughly 5 more or less, so we believe that is an important thing that I want to put out there. Nigeria is coming back. Things are changing, and that's why I think it's very important to stay current and keep recalibrating our review, taking into account all the new realities that we are seeing.
Also, if I may add, our performance in terms of cash flow has materially improved in the last year as we are introducing new ways, new operating methods, new operating procedures, many of which are using artificial intelligence in the way we. In the way we plan our operations on site, and this has had a very positive impact on our cash flow generation so we're comfortable where things are at the moment, but yes, to point we are continuing with what we have promised.

Gustavo Campos

Understood. Yes, thank you very much. That is very clear. And if you mind if I just clarify here, is this $0.5 billion to $1 billion target, is this enterprise value or is this like a consideration that you are targeting to receive?

Steve Howden

They proceeds.

Gustavo Campos

Okay, yeah, thank you. My second question would be around, you were expecting to generate more positive cash flow and potentially like leverage more to the bottom half of your target as you mentioned. Would you have, by chance, like a total detarget that you are expecting to be by the end of the year and as far as is there like, are you expecting to like have a tender offer on your bonds, any specific maturities or part of your capital structure that you're planning to target?

Steve Howden

No specific number in mind other than making sure that the leverage is down that will obviously depend a little bit on the activity through the course of the year, including potential future M&A disposals as we've discussed, but you know we've been clear we want to get the leverage down to the bottom end of our target range.
So that's the goal in terms of where excess cash gets utilized, obviously, bonds are a significant part of our capital structure. I wouldn't want to say anything to do with tender offers or anything like that, but there's a number of bonds that are either in cool periods or coming into cool periods, which is obviously an important consideration. We also have other debt in the structure outside of the bonds, which we could consider utilizing excess cash for. So we have a number of different options available to us to utilize cash as it comes through to us.

Gustavo Campos

That is very clear and very helpful. Thanks a lot. And my last question would be on working capital. We saw around $200 million in receivables outflows in fiscal year 2024, although there was like a material improvement in the fourth quarter. What are your expectations for 2025? Should we see like similar? Outflow, pressure, or are you expecting an improvement with, giving your updates on your commercial agreements, et cetera? That's my last question.

Steve Howden

Yeah, so as you point out, so there's significant, excuse me, improvement in Q4 with a pretty material work capital inflow in quarter four, which has reversed the trend. So the outflows have been slowing through the course of 2024 and then now back in positive territory in Q4. So I expect some continued momentum in that early part of the year, and we're not forecasting particular working capital outflows in 2025 at all.
There'll always be a little bit of movement between the quarters, but from a total 2025 perspective, no working capital outflow forecast.

Gustavo Campos

Okay, thank you. So you just to clarify, your expectations to be roughly working capital neutral in 2025?

Steve Howden

Flat to positive, yeah.

Gustavo Campos

And congrats again.

Operator

Stella Cridge, Barclays.

Stella Cridge

And I wonder if I could just ask about Rwanda. So you were touching before and some of the outlook for some of your markets. I mean, after this, these recent developments in DRC has been a little bit of political pressure on Rwanda. I was just wondering if there's anything you are monitoring there in terms of risk to the business, perhaps around currency or upstreaming or, anything that would be relevant for you. That would be great, thanks.

Steve Howden

No, nothing too untoward, to be honest. Obviously, we're monitoring that is sort of a geopolitical situation, but no impact on our business either operationally, financially, from an FX perspective, et cetera. So no really, watching, but no, nothing untoward, no impact on the business.

Operator

Thank you. That brings us to the end of the IHS Holding Limited fourth quarter and full year 2024 earnings results call. Should you have any questions, please contact the Investor Relations team by the email address, investorrelations@ihstowers.com.
The management team thank you for your participant today and wish you a good day. Thank you.