AMF doctrine shift follows UK and Nordic moves;

CoinShares leads the European market with a 32% AUM share

SAINT HELIER, Jersey, Dec. 9, 2025 /PRNewswire/ -- CoinShares International Limited ("CoinShares" or "the Group") (Nasdaq Stockholm: CS; US OTCQX: CNSRF) -- a leading global asset manager specialising in digital assets, which has announced a merger with Vine Hill Capital Investment Corp (Nasdaq: VCIC), welcomes France's AMF decision to open retail access to regulated crypto ETNs. Europe's crypto exchange-traded product market is entering a new growth phase as regulators and major financial institutions across the continent move to expand retail investor access.

Key developments:

   -- France: The AMF adapted its doctrine to permit retail marketing of 
      crypto-indexed ETNs, removing warning-label requirements for products 
      that satisfy all eligibility conditions under the updated AMF Position 
      2010-05. 
 
   -- UK: The FCA lifted its retail crypto ETN ban effective October 8, 2025, 
      opening access to approximately 7 million UK crypto holders. 
 
   -- Nordics: Nordea, the region's largest bank (EUR648B AUM), will offer 
      CoinShares' Bitcoin ETP starting December 2025, reversing years of 
      institutional caution 

CoinShares is well-positioned to take advantage of this expansion. The company's physical platform (CoinShares Physical) led the European crypto ETP market with over $1 billion(1) year-to-date in net inflows. Across its full European product range, CoinShares holds a 32%(2) share of total regional AUM. These figures place CoinShares among the top four digital asset managers globally, alongside BlackRock, Fidelity, and Grayscale.

"Europe's crypto ETN market is opening up, not slowing down," said Jean-Marie Mognetti, CEO of CoinShares. "The U.S. led with spot ETF approvals, but Europe pioneered this sector, which we created with the first regulated Bitcoin ETP in 2015. The challenge has been fragmentation: retail access varied dramatically country by country, preventing consistent adoption despite Europe's ten-year head start. What we're seeing now in France, the UK, and the Nordics is that a cohesive unified policy is beginning to take shape, with more and more barriers breaking down every year. For global investors, Europe's opportunity isn't behind us, it's just becoming accessible. CoinShares built this market and we intend to lead it. Our partnership with BoursoBank, France's leading online bank, is a case in point, we have the distribution expertise to reach retail investors as these markets open up."

European crypto ETN inflows reached a record EUR2.5 billion year to date(3) . These regulatory shifts substantially expand the addressable market: the UK has over 14 million active retail investors, France has seen participation surge with nearly one in four adults now holding financial investments, and Nordea serves over 9 million private customers across Finland, Sweden, Norway, and Denmark(4) .

About CoinShares

CoinShares is a leading global digital asset manager that delivers a broad range of financial services across investment management, trading, and securities to a wide array of clients that include corporations, financial institutions, and individuals. Founded in 2013, the firm is headquartered in Jersey, with offices in France, Stockholm, the UK, and the US. CoinShares is regulated in Jersey by the Jersey Financial Services Commission, in France by the Autorité des marchés financiers, and in the US by the Securities and Exchange Commission, National Futures Association and Financial Industry Regulatory Authority. CoinShares is publicly listed on the Nasdaq Stockholm under the ticker CS and the OTCQX under the ticker CNSRF.

For more information on CoinShares, please visit: https://coinshares.com

Company | +44 (0)1534 513 100 | enquiries@coinshares.com

Investor Relations | +44 (0)1534 513 100 | enquiries@coinshares.com

Press Contact

CoinShares

Benoît Pellevoizin

bpellevoizin@coinshares.com

M Group Strategic Communications

Peter Padovano

coinshares@mgroupsc.com

(1) Source: CoinShares, Bloomberg. Data as of close of business 05 December 2025

(2) Source: CoinShares, Bloomberg. Data as of close of business 05 December 2025

(3) Data as of close of business 05 December 2025

(4) UK -- "over 14 million active retail investors" Source: BestBrokers.com / Finder survey (2025) https://www.bestbrokers.com/stock-trading/stock-trading-demographics/

France -- "nearly one in four adults now holding financial investments" Source: AMF / OECD study (2023) https://www.amf-france.org/en/news-publications/news-releases/amf-news-releases/oecd-study-amf-profiles-new-french-retail-investors

Nordea -- client numbers Source: Wikipedia / Nordea corporate data (2025) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nordea

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SOURCE CoinShares Group

(END) Dow Jones Newswires

December 09, 2025 10:00 ET (15:00 GMT)