In a significant move for U.S. space policy, former President Donald Trump signed an executive order on December 18, mandating American astronauts to return to the Moon by 2028. The order aims to stimulate private-sector innovation and investment by upgrading launch infrastructure and developing commercial pathways to replace the International Space Station by 2030.

The announcement fueled a rally in U.S. commercial space stocks, with Rocket Lab USA (RKLB) surging over 11%, AST SpaceMobile (ASTS) gaining 6.58%, and Howmet Aerospace (HWM) rising 3.56%.

The executive order outlines a vision for "America First" space dominance, directing the establishment of a permanent lunar outpost by 2030 and deploying nuclear reactors on the Moon and in orbit. It also streamlines procurement processes and coordinates federal agencies to implement the policy.

Separately, Trump signed the $901 billion FY2026 National Defense Authorization Act, which includes military pay raises, border security measures, and $400 million annual aid to Ukraine. The bill also repeals the 2002 Iraq War authorization and lifts sanctions on Syria.

In related developments, the Senate confirmed billionaire astronaut Jared Isaacman as NASA’s 15th administrator. Isaacman, founder of Shift4 Payments and a close associate of Elon Musk, previously led SpaceX’s historic commercial spacewalk mission in 2024. Analysts suggest these moves could benefit SpaceX, which is reportedly eyeing an $800 billion valuation in a potential IPO—potentially the largest ever.

Market observers note that SpaceX’s success may also buoy Tesla (TSLA), as investor enthusiasm for Musk’s ventures often spills over. "A high-profile SpaceX IPO could attract new investors drawn to its innovation narrative, with positive sentiment likely extending to Tesla," said Adam Sarhan of 50 Park Investments.