ARK Invest, the investment firm led by Cathie Wood, projects that Elon Musk's aerospace company SpaceX could reach an enterprise value of approximately $2.5 trillion by 2030. This valuation, derived from ARK's open-source model using Monte Carlo simulations, accounts for 17 key variables reflecting SpaceX's growth potential over the next two decades. The model outlines three scenarios: a base case of $2.5 trillion, a bear case of $1.7 trillion, and a bull case of $3.1 trillion. These projections hinge on strategic initiatives such as satellite development, deployment, and eventual Mars colonization efforts.

Central to SpaceX's ambitious roadmap is the full deployment of its Starlink satellite constellation, expected by 2035. Once operational, Starlink is forecasted to generate up to $300 billion in annual revenue, capturing roughly 15% of global communications spending. This expansion highlights the transformative impact of affordable, high-speed satellite internet worldwide.

Another critical factor in ARK's assessment is the reusability of Starship. By reducing fleet turnaround times and launch costs, SpaceX aims to make significant strides in Earth and Mars missions. Starship's efficiency aligns with Wright’s Law, which suggests that cost savings from increased launch frequency will accelerate returns.

However, ARK Invest also identifies risks, including competitive disruption and operational challenges in the demanding field of space exploration.

Elon Musk recently dismissed reports of SpaceX raising funds at an $800 billion valuation, clarifying that the company has maintained positive cash flow for years and conducts bi-annual stock buybacks for employees and investors. He emphasized that valuation growth depends on progress with Starship, Starlink, and securing global satellite communication spectrum—factors that could substantially expand market opportunities.

Beyond secondary market transactions, SpaceX is reportedly accelerating IPO preparations. Sources indicate the company has informed institutional investors of plans for a full-scale IPO in the second half of next year—a notable acceleration compared to CFO Bret Johnsen’s 2024 statement that Starlink’s public listing was still "years away."

While SpaceX has historically debated spinning off Starlink, recent signals suggest a preference for a group-level IPO. Starlink’s low-Earth orbit network, with over 9,000 satellites deployed, far outpaces rivals like Amazon’s (AMZN.US) Project Kuiper. With the development of the more powerful Starship rocket, SpaceX plans to expand its satellite fleet further while pursuing lunar and deep-space missions.