全球頂尖自動駕駛汽車未達全無人化？「雲端駕駛員」如何守護出行安全

ITBEAR科技資訊

02/25

行業研究機構AV Market Strategist最新發布的《全球自動駕駛運營效率報告》顯示，全球頂尖自動駕駛企業尚未實現完全無人化運營。為應對複雜路況與極端場景，各公司普遍採用"遠程協助"機制，通過雲端安全員實時監控車輛狀態。這種模式打破了公衆對"全無人駕駛"的想象——那些看似獨自行駛的自動駕駛車輛，實則由"雲端駕駛員"提供安全保障。報告首次披露四大自動駕駛企業的"人機比"數據：Waymo以1...

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not fully unmanned? How \"cloud drivers\" protect travel safety","themeId":null,"isJumpTheme":false,"ttsUrl":null,"symbols_score_info":{"89888":0.6,"BIDU":1.86,"02026":0.9,"09888":1.86},"content_text":"行業研究機構AV Market Strategist最新發布的《全球自動駕駛運營效率報告》顯示，全球頂尖自動駕駛企業尚未實現完全無人化運營。為應對複雜路況與極端場景，各公司普遍採用\"遠程協助\"機制，通過雲端安全員實時監控車輛狀態。這種模式打破了公眾對\"全無人駕駛\"的想象——那些看似獨自行駛的自動駕駛車輛，實則由\"雲端駕駛員\"提供安全保障。報告首次披露四大自動駕駛企業的\"人機比\"數據：Waymo以1:43的配比領先全球，即每43輛車僅需1名遠程操作員；小馬智行當前比例為1:20，計劃年內提升至1:30；文遠知行目前為1:3，短期目標為1:10；百度Apollo則未公開具體數值。這些數據折射出各企業在技術成熟度與商業化進程上的差異，其中Waymo的運營效率尤為突出。遠程協助的實際運作模式遠非簡單\"遙控\"。當車輛遭遇違章佔道、交警手勢指揮或極端天氣等AI難以處理的場景時，系統會向雲端發送請求。遠程操作員通過5G網絡獲取車輛360度環境信息後，會下達諸如\"允許變道繞行\"等策略指令，具體駕駛動作仍由車載AI執行。這種\"人腦決策+AI執行\"的協作模式，已成為突破自動駕駛安全瓶頸的關鍵方案。行業實踐印證了這種模式的必要性。今年2月美國參議院聽證會上，Waymo承認其無人出租車在遇到異常情況時會切換至人工接管，且操作團隊分佈在美國本土及菲律賓等地。國內企業同樣採用類似方案：百度蘿蔔快跑部分車輛配備安全員，其永川實驗基地的5G雲代駕艙可實現遠程實時控制，通過低時延網絡解決車輛脱困難題。這些案例表明，遠程協助仍是當前自動駕駛技術不可或缺的安全網。公眾對\"遠程操控\"存在普遍誤解，常將其類比為遙控玩具車。實際上，現代自動駕駛系統更強調人機協同：雲端操作員負責處理模糊場景的戰略決策，車載AI執行具體操作。這種分工既保留了人類在複雜情境中的判斷優勢，又充分發揮了AI在常規駕駛中的反應速度，為自動駕駛商業化落地提供了可行路徑。","kind":"news","is_publish_news":true,"is_publish_highlight":false,"is_publish_live":false,"is_publish_wemedia":null,"editions":null,"column":"","sentiment":"0","news_tag":"","news_rank":0,"symbols":[],"gpt_button":0,"need_auth":false,"code":"91000000","status":"200"}}}