New developments have emerged in the standardization of brain-computer interfaces. Recently, China's National Medical Products Administration approved two medical device industry standard development and revision projects: "Medical Devices Using Brain-Computer Interface Technology - Paradigm Design and Application Specifications for Motor Function Reconstruction" and "Medical Devices Using Brain-Computer Interface Technology - Invasive Devices - Reliability Verification Methods." These projects will provide standard support for the high-quality development of medical devices utilizing brain-computer interface technology. A brain-computer interface establishes a direct communication pathway between the brain and external devices. It is commonly used to assist, enhance, or repair human sensory-motor functions, or to improve human-computer interaction capabilities, with current applications being relatively widespread in the medical field. Based on implantation conditions, brain-computer interfaces can be categorized into three types: invasive, non-invasive, and semi-invasive. In recent years, with successive breakthroughs in core technologies such as neural signal processing, biocompatible materials, and high-performance chips, brain-computer interfaces have experienced rapid development. Concurrently, as relevant supportive policies continue to be implemented, standardization has become a crucial tool for regulating industry development and ensuring product safety and efficacy. Zhang Chang, Vice President and Chief Development Officer of Health Access, stated that the approval of these two standards represents a concrete implementation of aspects related to standard system construction outlined in the "Implementation Opinions on Promoting Innovation and Development of the Brain-Computer Interface Industry" previously issued by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and six other departments. Furthermore, it addresses common challenges reported by the industry, filling existing gaps. Consequently, this marks a critical first step, providing a clear framework for conducting related research, clinical trials, and other subsequent "professional procedures" in the medical field. Strengthening standard construction is fundamental. Brain-computer interfaces have undoubtedly been a major market hotspot in recent years. Data from Qichacha shows that as of early 2026, China holds 2,041 brain-computer interface-related patents, predominantly invention patents, accounting for over 90% of the total. In the past five years, China has applied for a cumulative total of 1,490 related patents, with 391 applications filed in 2024 alone, reaching a peak in patent applications over the last five years. Regarding market size, data from the China Center for Information Industry Development indicates that China's brain-computer interface market reached 3.2 billion yuan in 2024, a year-on-year increase of 18.8%. It is projected to grow to 5.58 billion yuan by 2027, with a growth rate of 20%. Standardization is fundamental during the industry's rapid development. Multiple interviewees indicated that the brain-computer interface industry currently faces challenges such as混乱的跨学科术语 (confused cross-disciplinary terminology), fragmented technology deployment, prominent safety risks, and a lack of unified regulatory frameworks and standards. These factors significantly constrain the industry's rapid development, necessitating standardization efforts to better facilitate the transition of technology from laboratories to clinical applications. In July 2025, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and six other departments released the "Implementation Opinions," proposing that by 2027, key brain-computer interface technologies should achieve breakthroughs, initially establishing advanced technological, industrial, and standard systems. It specifically emphasized strengthening standards leadership, calling for the establishment of a brain-computer interface technical standard system and the layout of a standardization development roadmap. Simultaneously, it advocated for active participation in international standard setting and vigorously promoting the "going global" of Chinese standards. In September of the same year, the National Medical Products Administration officially released the "Terminology for Medical Devices Using Brain-Computer Interface Technology," which is China's first brain-computer interface medical device standard. This standard officially came into effect on January 1, 2026. The approval of these two medical device industry standard projects will further improve the standard system. The two standards address motor dysfunction caused by conditions like stroke and spinal cord injuries, and the high-risk, technically challenging invasive brain-computer interfaces, respectively. Both target scenarios urgently requiring standardization during the current industrialization process of brain-computer interface medical devices. The approval and eventual implementation of these related standards will significantly impact industry collaboration and competition. Zhang Chang noted that they will accelerate division of labor and collaboration because the work boundaries for different companies and other participants become clearer. On one hand, upstream and downstream players in the industry and clinical application endpoints can more clearly define their respective companies' "areas of expertise." On the other hand, it provides a common language for the research, testing, and transformation work of institutions and clinical teams. "Regarding competition, my personal view is that there will be a reshuffle. Some participants overly focused on technology, with only basic capabilities, may need to find other ways to participate in the healthcare industry, seeking alternative approaches to provide products and services in the medical vertical. The gap between very early-stage, highly conceptual companies and those directly serving clinical needs may widen. However, conversely, for high-quality small and medium-sized enterprises, it can indeed help make market promotion easier, facilitating persuasion and dissemination efforts, thereby increasing the success rate of promotion," Zhang Chang said. Policy and industry are resonating. In recent years, brain-computer interface policies in China have been密集落地 (densely implemented). The "15th Five-Year Plan" recommendations explicitly listed brain-computer interfaces as one of the six future industries, signifying its upgrade from frontier technology exploration to a new engine for national economic growth. Regarding review and approval, in December 2025, the National Medical Products Administration included implantable brain-computer interface medical devices in the priority review catalog for high-end medical devices, accelerating the market entry process for innovative products. At the product implementation level, in 2025, the National Healthcare Security Administration and various local authorities successively clarified project charging standards, resolving the issue of how to charge for products. In December of the same year, China's first government-guided price brain-computer interface surgery was performed in Wuhan, Hubei, marking the formal inclusion of implantable brain-computer interface technology into the standardized medical service system. The commercialization process is also set to accelerate further. In January 2026, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and seven other departments jointly issued the "Implementation Opinions on the 'Artificial Intelligence + Manufacturing' Special Action," which explicitly proposed accelerating the industrialization and commercialization process of brain-computer interfaces. Huajin Securities recently pointed out that the brain-computer interface industry has entered a critical first year for commercial落地 (landing), with policy guidance, technological iteration, and clinical breakthroughs resonating to drive rapid industry development. In the short term, non-invasive downstream applications are expected to scale up first, while invasive technology accelerates breakthroughs. It recommends prioritizing布局 (layout) in non-invasive rehabilitation equipment and consumer-grade applications, suggesting close attention to companies with product approval progress gradually contributing revenue; simultaneously, closely跟踪 (tracking) the R&D and clinical progress of invasive technologies. Capital market enthusiasm for brain-computer interfaces remains high. According to incomplete statistics from the MoShang investment and financing database, from January 2025 to present, there have been 18 brain-computer interface investment and financing events in China, with 2 occurring so far this year, involving companies like强脑科技 (Strong Brain Technology) and术理智能 (Shuli Intelligence). In the secondary market, according to Tonghuashun data, from January 2025 to present, brain-computer interface concept stocks have risen over 80%; since the start of 2026, the increase is close to 20%. It is worth mentioning that with strong policy support, brain-computer interface technology is accelerating its clinical落地 (landing), tangibly benefiting a wide range of patients. For instance, recent news emerged regarding the clinical application of a "brain-computer interface" brain pacemaker. Peking University International Hospital achieved阶段性重要成果 (important phased results) in the successful implantation of the world's first rechargeable, perceptive closed-loop brain pacemaker in a 75-year-old female Parkinson's disease patient, who has since been discharged smoothly. Discussing the future development of brain-computer interfaces, Zhang Chang pointed out that the previously released "Implementation Opinions" have already outlined the future vision quite clearly and realistically. It mentions that by 2030, the goal is to cultivate "2 to 3 globally influential leading enterprises, and a group of specialized, refined, distinctive, and innovative SMEs." This implies that major players in the industry, either through independent R&D or cross-border entry, will integrate resources to build national and even global influence, complemented by a group of specialized, refined, distinctive, and innovative "little giant" enterprises mastering unique technologies, collectively forming a complete industrial ecosystem. Regarding application expansion in the medical field, Zhang Chang believes there are several main directions: one leans more towards "active" application scenarios, using "writing" electrical signals for neuromodulation and related treatments; another involves leveraging combinations of multiple devices and technologies to achieve integrated development from single-modal to multi-modal approaches; furthermore, in the future, applications might not be limited solely to functional reconstruction and treatment but could also develop some "functional enhancement" type applications.