According to informed sources, the United States and Japan are close to finalizing projects funded by a $550 billion investment vehicle established by Japan, as both countries seek to implement a key component of the bilateral trade agreement reached last year. The sources indicated that three projects have advanced to the final stage of the review process: a data center infrastructure initiative led by SoftBank Group, a deepwater crude oil terminal project in the Gulf of Mexico, and a synthetic diamond project for semiconductor applications.
The outcome of negotiations between U.S. Commerce Secretary Lutnick and Japan's Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry, Akira Akazawa, will determine whether a final agreement can be reached. Japan's Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry confirmed that the two officials plan to meet in Washington on Thursday, though there is no guarantee that a decision will be made this week.
Last July, U.S. President Trump announced on social media that the United States and Japan had reached a trade agreement under which the originally planned 25% reciprocal tariff rate would be reduced to 15%—including lower tariffs on automobiles, a cornerstone of Japan's economy. In return, Japan committed to investing $550 billion in the United States and opening its market for agricultural products such as rice. The investment fund is a central pillar of last year's trade pact, designed to facilitate large-scale Japanese investment in key U.S. industries.
Under the terms of the agreement, Japan has 45 working days after project selection to initiate funding. Failure to do so could result in the U.S. revoking certain benefits or reimposing higher tariffs. During President Trump's visit to Japan last year, the two countries identified a range of potential projects, with estimated costs ranging from $350 million to as high as $100 billion. The framework includes investments in energy, artificial intelligence, and critical minerals, involving companies such as SoftBank, Westinghouse, and Toshiba.
President Trump has previously expressed dissatisfaction with the slow progress of a similar agreement with South Korea, a major competitor of Japan in automobile manufacturing. He has again threatened to raise tariffs on South Korean imports, highlighting the link between investment commitments and tariff adjustments.
The latest round of talks between Minister Akazawa and Secretary Lutnick comes after Japanese Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi won a historic election victory in the House of Representatives earlier this month. Prime Minister Takaichi plans to visit the United States in March to meet with President Trump and has vowed to prioritize strengthening ties with the U.S.