China's total primary energy production reached 5.13 billion tonnes of standard coal equivalent in 2025, marking the first time it has exceeded the 5 billion tonne threshold. This achievement represents the most effective year for energy supply security during the 14th Five-Year Plan period.

Electricity generation from non-fossil energy sources continued its rapid growth, while thermal power generation recorded its first decline in a decade. In 2025, new electricity generation from non-fossil sources accounted for 112.1% of the nation's new electricity consumption growth. This is the fourth time since 2020 that this proportion has surpassed 50%, establishing non-fossil energy as the primary contributor to new power generation during the 14th Five-Year Plan period.

Amid substantial growth in wind, solar, and hydropower generation, thermal power increasingly served a foundational support and grid-balancing role. Annual thermal power generation reached approximately 6.3 trillion kilowatt-hours, down 0.7% year-on-year.

Coal production maintained steady growth. Statistics show China's raw coal output reached 4.85 billion tonnes in 2025, up 1.4% year-on-year, though this growth rate was 3 percentage points lower than the average annual growth during the 14th Five-Year Plan period. Coal imports declined to 490 million tonnes, a decrease of 9.6%.

Domestic crude oil production continued its upward trend, while import diversification achieved significant results. During the 14th Five-Year Plan period, annual crude oil production returned to and stabilized above the 200 million tonne level. 2025 production reached 216 million tonnes, increasing 1.5% year-on-year. Crude oil imports grew to 578 million tonnes, up 4.4% year-on-year, with import sources expanding to approximately 40 countries.

Domestic natural gas production maintained growth, driving external dependence to its lowest level of the 14th Five-Year Plan period. China's natural gas output reached 262.06 billion cubic meters in 2025, marking the ninth consecutive year of increases exceeding 10 billion cubic meters, with year-on-year growth of 6.3%. Annual natural gas imports declined to 176.46 billion cubic meters, down 2.8% year-on-year. Pipeline gas imports grew 8.0%, supported by full production from the China-Russia Eastern Route, while LNG imports decreased 10.6%. Natural gas import dependency stood at 40%, the lowest level during the 14th Five-Year Plan period.