The State Council has approved the launch of comprehensive reform pilots for market-oriented allocation of production factors in 10 regions, effective immediately for a two-year period. These include Beijing's sub-center, key cities in southern Jiangsu, Hangzhou-Ningbo-Wenzhou region, Hefei metropolitan area, Fuzhou-Xiamen-Quanzhou region, Zhengzhou city, Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan region, nine mainland cities in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, Chongqing, and Chengdu.

**Zhengzhou Municipal Comprehensive Reform Pilot Implementation Plan**

The pilot program covers the entire territory of Zhengzhou city in Henan Province.

**I. Promoting Innovation and Development of Technology Factor Markets**

(1) Strengthening Technology Transfer and Intellectual Property Protection Deepening reforms of technology ownership, disposal rights, and revenue rights for scientific achievements. Systematically conducting pilots for granting researchers ownership or long-term usage rights of their work-related technological achievements, gradually expanding participating institutions. Supporting pilot institutions to share ownership of work-related technological achievements with researchers or teams. Implementing management approaches for "reward after commercialization" and "ownership first, then commercialization" based on researchers' preferences, incorporating cash rewards from technology transfer into performance-based compensation without being constrained by approved total performance pay limits.

Exploring innovative management methods for work-related technology transfer, supporting municipal universities and research institutes to authorize small and medium enterprises to use work-related technological achievements through transfer, licensing, or equity investment. Promoting shared benefits and risks between research teams and technology intermediary institutions.

Based on the National Intellectual Property Operation Public Service Platform, conducting authorized sharing of patent and trademark data, supporting market-oriented operations of proprietary intellectual property in major technical equipment and key new materials sectors.

(2) Optimizing Innovation Resource Allocation Methods and Management Mechanisms Establishing open-sharing pilot-scale bases that integrate technology integration, pilot-scale maturation, and engineering testing services. Exploring a market-oriented evaluation system for technological achievements involving "government-industry-evaluation institutions-technology assessors" as a four-in-one framework. Supporting the development of local technology contract registration systems.

(3) Promoting Integration of Technology and Capital Factors Increasing financial support for original innovation, technological innovation, and industrial innovation. Advancing government-guided funds in partnership with social capital to participate in innovation platform construction, major technology transfer, high-precision industry incubation, and unicorn enterprise cultivation. Strengthening incentives for corporate R&D investment, technology transfer, pilot incubation, and technology trading subsidies, supporting shared use of large-scale scientific instruments.

Creating synergy between the government guarantee system and Zhengzhou's technology loan risk compensation program ("Zhengke Loan"). Supporting commercial banks to provide intended credit lines to National Intellectual Property Creative Industry Pilot Parks based on market principles, promoting expansion of intellectual property pledge loans including patents, trademarks, and copyrights.

(4) Strengthening Scientific and Technological Innovation Cooperation Supporting enhanced cooperation with Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Yangtze River Delta, and Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area regions. Exploring offshore innovation, entrepreneurship, and technology trade development. Promoting establishment of overseas R&D centers by leading enterprises and advantaged industries, supporting joint development of new technologies and products with foreign universities, research institutions, and enterprises, and sharing transnational patent pools for scientific achievements.

**II. Improving Market-Oriented Allocation Efficiency of Land Factors**

(5) Enhancing Industrial Land Utilization Efficiency Aligning construction land supply with permanent resident population scale. Promoting industrial land supply through long-term leasing, rent-to-purchase, and flexible tenure arrangements, improving supporting policies for flexible land supply. Implementing comprehensive "benchmark land" model for industrial land transfers. Conducting detailed regulatory plan modifications and gradually expanding application areas.

Improving "efficiency per acre" comprehensive evaluation policy systems for industrial land, exploring comprehensive benefit evaluation models for other types of construction land. Under national spatial planning compliance, continuously promoting upgrade and transformation of existing restricted, outdated capacity elimination, and inefficient industrial stock land into new industrial land, encouraging prioritization of retired industrial land in urban transformation for cultural industry development. Promoting mixed-use land models with clear compatible land types and proportions.

(6) Accelerating Revitalization of Stock Land Comprehensively advancing identification and disposal of inefficient land in development zones. Exploring classified investigation, identification, assessment, and redevelopment of urban inefficient land. Promoting revitalization of stock land held by state-owned enterprises and institutions, encouraging operators to promote urban inefficient land redevelopment through construction land consolidation.

Improving assessment and evaluation systems for construction land conservation and intensive use, linking evaluation results with new construction land quotas and performance assessments. Improving supporting policies for establishing tiered construction land use rights above ground, on surface, and underground.

(7) Establishing Unified Urban-Rural Construction Land Markets Improving property rights systems for rural collective commercial construction land. Following national unified deployment, systematically advancing market entry reforms for rural collective commercial construction land, exploring establishment of property transfer and value-added benefit distribution systems, promoting comprehensive joint supervision of rural collective commercial construction land market entry. Exploring effective pathways for revitalizing idle rural housing through rental, equity participation, and cooperation.

**III. Promoting Reasonable and Orderly Flow of Human Resource Factors**

(8) Further Deepening Household Registration System Reform Comprehensively relaxing settlement conditions in central urban areas, piloting household registration based on usual residence. Exploring integration of residence permits with identity card functions, establishing basic public service provision systems linked to employment and residence duration and identified by identity cards, steadily achieving basic public service provision by place of usual residence with full coverage of permanent residents.

Promoting establishment of education, healthcare, and other basic public service provision methods appropriate to permanent resident population scale, achieving basic public service resource allocation based on actual service population size.

(9) Accelerating Smooth Labor and Talent Social Mobility Channels Advancing public institution management reforms, granting greater autonomy in formulating performance-based compensation policies. Establishing monitoring and management service platforms for flexible employment personnel. Strengthening and innovating tripartite labor relations coordination mechanisms. Supporting increased housing rental or purchase subsidies for newly introduced bachelor's degree and above graduates, exploring startup failure compensation mechanisms.

(10) Improving Technical Skills Evaluation Systems Streamlining professional title application channels for all types of talent, allowing employees of enterprises and institutions with labor (employment) contracts of six months or more within municipal districts to apply for professional titles. Conducting socialized professional title evaluations through industry associations, delegating professional title evaluation authority to qualified high-tech enterprises and new R&D institutions, promoting autonomous professional title evaluations in above-scale enterprises, universities, and Zhongyuan Science and Technology City.

Expanding occupational skill level recognition occupations (trades) and standard directory lists, establishing contract-based systems and point-based promotion systems for skilled talent. Streamlining occupational qualification, professional title, and occupational skill level recognition channels for new occupation practitioners. Encouraging employers to establish incentive systems linking compensation and position advancement with occupational skill levels.

(11) Increasing Talent Attraction Efforts Exploring policy measures supporting talent innovation and entrepreneurship. Emphasizing "high-precision and urgently needed" orientation, implementing five major specialized actions for high-end talent from home and abroad, technology leaders, industry backbone talent, young talent, and renowned teachers, doctors, and experts.

Innovating overseas talent residence and entry-exit policy measures, optimizing coordinated approval of foreign work permits and work-type residence permits, promoting integration of foreign work permits with social security cards. Supporting exploration of highly facilitated professional practice systems for overseas professionals, relaxing restrictions on overseas personnel participating in various professional qualification examinations (excluding lawyers, news and publishing, healthcare, notarization, judicial expertise, and other areas with separate regulations).

**IV. Exploring Data Factor Flow Rules**

(12) Improving Public Data Opening and Sharing Mechanisms Supporting construction of Zhengzhou's data infrastructure and technical standards systems. Based on national population, legal entity, spatial geography, and electronic license databases, continuously improving thematic database construction for social credit, urban operations, and public services, connecting data backflow from national ministries and provincial governments. Prioritizing opening of high-value datasets in healthcare, transportation, and meteorology to society.

(13) Establishing Data Flow and Trading Rules Supporting exploration of public data asset registration and evaluation systems and data pricing mechanisms, exploring full-process management of certificate generation, storage, aggregation, circulation, and application. Formulating rules and standards for data preservation, transfer, de-identification, re-identification, and transfer restrictions, promoting classified utilization of public, enterprise, and personal data, implementing list-based management of sensitive and non-sensitive data in qualified sectors.

Determining primary regulatory departments for data trading and their regulatory basis and scope of responsibilities, ensuring "traceable responsibility, controllable processes, and preventable risks."

(14) Expanding Standardized Data Development and Application Scenarios Leveraging leading enterprises and industry organizations to innovate data application scenarios in key sectors. Supporting National Supercomputing Center Zhengzhou construction, vigorously developing computing power industries. Coordinating advancement of market-oriented applications of common technologies such as edge computing, digital twins, and blockchain, cultivating digital industry chains and clusters.

Exploring data security usage commitment systems, strengthening full-chain supervision. Constructing integrated cloud-network-data collaborative security assurance systems, using data protection measures such as trusted identity authentication, data signatures, interface authentication, data traceability, and new technologies like blockchain to strengthen security protection of computing and data resources.

**V. Promoting Capital Factor Services for Real Economy Development**

(15) Stimulating Capital Market Vitality Supporting Central Plains Equity Exchange Center in strengthening cooperation and connection with national securities markets. Supporting qualified enterprises for IPOs, supporting qualified domestic enterprises in overseas financing activities. Supporting qualified projects in transportation, warehousing, and logistics to issue Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs) in infrastructure sectors.

Encouraging Zhengzhou Commodity Exchange futures product system construction, supporting research and listing of futures and options products meeting real economy needs.

(16) Enhancing Financial Services for Real Economy Capacity Promoting credit information-based lending models, encouraging financial institutions to develop credit products matching small and medium enterprise needs. Supporting regular "online + offline" bank-enterprise matchmaking activities. Under legal compliance and controllable risk premises, encouraging cooperation between financial institutions and investment institutions, supporting bank institutions in China (Henan) Free Trade Zone Zhengzhou Area to cooperate with external equity investment institutions.

Supporting China (Henan) Free Trade Zone Zhengzhou Area to explore RMB cross-border usage according to national unified deployment. Supporting qualified banks to implement trade foreign exchange facilitation policies.

**VI. Strengthening Resource and Environmental Market System Construction**

(17) Improving Resource Market Trading Mechanisms Continuously promoting electricity market reforms, accelerating construction of electricity medium-to-long term and spot trading markets, improving electricity auxiliary service markets, improving market-oriented adjustment systems for medium-to-long term contracts, shortening trading cycles, increasing trading frequency, and legally enriching trading varieties.

Expanding market participation of electricity demand-side entities and renewable energy, accelerating removal of restrictions on commercial electricity user participation. Continuously advancing incremental distribution network business reforms, researching establishment of distributed generation market trading rules. Deepening natural gas market reforms. Implementing competitive mining rights allocation systems, establishing strict coal mining exploration block exit management methods. Opening electricity, oil, gas, and other sectors fairly to all types of capital.

(18) Accelerating Construction of Green Factor Trading Mechanisms Based on public resource trading platforms, actively participating in national carbon emission rights and water rights trading market construction, innovating regional carbon emission management informatization, greenhouse gas emission inventory normalization, and low-carbon operation management models.

Advancing market-oriented trading of pollution discharge rights, actively exploring establishment of initial allocation, paid usage, market trading, dispute resolution, and supporting service systems, focusing on coordinated carbon emission rights trading markets and electricity markets. Actively promoting green electricity trading and green electricity certificate trading.

Exploring "ecological asset rights mortgage + project loan" models, encouraging bank institutions to develop green credit. Innovatively promoting comprehensive environmental governance trusteeship service models and Ecology-Oriented Development (EOD) models.

**VII. Comprehensively Improving Factor Coordinated Allocation Efficiency**

(19) Strengthening Factor Support for New Business Forms, New Fields, and Service Industries Focusing on new business forms and fields such as life health, artificial intelligence, and modern seed industry, promoting innovative allocation of production factors and facilitating concentration of various advanced production factors toward developing new productive forces. Improving factor pricing mechanisms mainly determined by market supply and demand, preventing inappropriate government intervention in price formation. Deepening service industry reforms and strengthening comprehensive factor allocation support.

(20) Digital Empowerment for Factor Coordinated Allocation Exploring factor coordinated allocation evaluation work, scientifically establishing analytical evaluation models, conducting dynamic monitoring of factor resource allocation efficiency and levels by region and category. Based on national spatial planning "one map" implementation supervision information systems, relying on resource and environmental carrying capacity and national spatial development suitability, exploring construction of comprehensive analysis systems for land, labor, capital, technology, data, and resource-environmental factors.

Leveraging platform integrated analysis functions to achieve quantifiable and early-warning factor allocation, comprehensively supporting government decision-making and improving market-oriented factor allocation efficiency.

(21) Improving Factor-Based Distribution Mechanisms Improving mechanisms where market evaluation determines contribution and compensation based on contribution for production factors including labor, capital, land, knowledge, technology, management, and data. Increasing labor compensation's share in primary distribution, strengthening skill-value incentive orientation in wage income distribution.

Reasonably distributing value-added benefits from rural collective commercial construction land market entry, balancing national, rural collective economic organization, and farmer interests. Exploring increases in residents' property income, encouraging and guiding listed company cash dividends, improving investor rights protection systems.