金吾财讯 | 国元国际发研指,据农业农村部,全国奶牛存栏自24年3月开始下降,24年中国奶牛存栏量同比-4.5%,产能端去化带动供给端收缩,2024年国内原奶产量同比-2.8%至4,079万吨,是自2018年以来中国牛奶产量首次出现下降。分季度看,1Q/2Q/3Q/4Q原料奶产量同比增速分别为5.1%/2.1%/-5.8%/-9.0%,产能出清节奏明显加快,且仍在持续,预期行业供需逐步改善将带动原奶价格或于下半年企稳,2026年大概率进入紧平衡阶段,下游乳企竞争有望逐步缓和。该行指,蒙牛乳业(02319)管理层指引25年收入望实现低单位数增长,其中常温业务保持稳定,其他业务略有增长;原奶价格全年来看维持稳定或略有降低,市场竞争仍较为激烈,还需一定费用投入维持市场份额,预期公司将持续通过品类结构优化、不同品类盈利改善、聚焦精细化的管理和降本增效等措施,维持25年OPM相对稳定,且以未来三年平均每年30-50bp经营利润率改善为盈利目标。该行续指,1Q25由于需求恢复缓慢、春节错期、且同期基数较高,并未看到明显改善。进入2Q25,考虑到去年同期因主动采取促动销、去库存等系列措施基数较低,国家扩内需促消费政策提振市场持续回暖,预期收入端有望实现逐季改善趋势。该行表示,上游供需好转有助于下游乳企利润率修复,预期25-27年公司EPS分别为1.33/1.46/1.60元,给予24.5港元/股目标价,对应2025年17倍PE,较现价有21.6%的涨幅空间,给予“买入”评级。
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