What is deep sea mining: the next resource boom hidden beneath the waves in Australia's backyard

Switzer

Jan 21

When the United States recently escalated its confrontation with Venezuela – carrying out strikes in Caracas and capturing President Nicolás Maduro – the moves were framed as political intervention. ...

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overflow: hidden}\n.head .h-thumb { width: 30px; height: 30px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border-radius: 50%; float: left;}\n.head .h-content { margin: 0; padding: 0 0 0 9px; float: left;}\n.head .h-name {font-size: 13px; color: #eee; margin: 0;}\n.head .h-time {font-size: 11px; color: #7E829C; margin: 0;line-height: 11px;}\n.small {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.9); -webkit-transform: scale(0.9); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.smaller {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.8); -webkit-transform: scale(0.8); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.bt-text {font-size: 12px;margin: 1.5em 0 0 0}\n.bt-text p {margin: 0}\n</style>\n</head>\n<body>\n<div class=\"wrapper\">\n<header>\n<h2 class=\"title\">\nWhat is deep sea mining: the next resource boom hidden beneath the waves in Australia's backyard\n</h2>\n\n<h4 class=\"meta\">\n\n\n2026-01-21 06:42 GMT+8&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href=https://switzer.com.au/the-experts/viliame-kasanawaqa/what-is-deep-sea-mining/><strong>Switzer</strong></a>\n\n\n</h4>\n\n</header>\n<article>\n<div>\n<p>When the United States recently escalated its confrontation with Venezuela – carrying out strikes in Caracas and capturing President Nicolás Maduro – the moves were framed as political intervention.\n...</p>\n\n<a href=\"https://switzer.com.au/the-experts/viliame-kasanawaqa/what-is-deep-sea-mining/\">Source Link</a>\n\n</div>\n\n\n</article>\n</div>\n</body>\n</html>\n","isBrief":false,"type":0,"news_type":1,"symbol":"XAO.AU","symbol_name":"标普/澳交所 普通股指数","start_time":0,"source_url":"https://switzer.com.au/the-experts/viliame-kasanawaqa/what-is-deep-sea-mining/","article_id":"2605427731","we_media_id":null,"thumbnails":["https://switzer.com.au/wp-content/uploads/tuan-nguyen-ocean-unsplash.jpg"],"rights":{"source":"switzer_stock","url":"https://switzer.com.au/the-experts/viliame-kasanawaqa/what-is-deep-sea-mining/","rn_cache_url":null,"directOrigin":true},"url":"https://stock-news.laohu8.com/highlight/detail?id=2605427731","pubTimestamp":1768948949,"columns":[],"sourceInfo":{"source_id":"switzer_stock","name":"Switzer"},"weMediaInfo":null,"summary":"In a bid for more and more untapped resources companies are turning to deep sea mining. Here's a look at the next frontier beneath the waves.","collect":0,"end_time":0,"defaultTopTitle":"switzer.com.au","property":[],"viewcount":null,"language":"en","relate_stocks":{"XAO.AU":"标普/澳交所 普通股指数","CCZ":"Comcast Holdings Corp","XKO.AU":"标普/澳交所 300指数","XJO.AU":"标普/澳交所 200指数"},"translate_title":"什么是深海采矿：隐藏在澳大利亚后院海浪下的下一次资源繁荣","themeId":null,"isJumpTheme":false,"ttsUrl":null,"symbols_score_info":{"XJO.AU":1.5,"XAO.AU":1.5,"XKO.AU":1.5,"CCZ":1},"content_text":"When the United States recently escalated its confrontation with Venezuela – carrying out strikes in Caracas and capturing President Nicolás Maduro – the moves were framed as political intervention.\nBut the raid also reflected a deeper contest over oil and critical mineral supply chains.\nFor Washington, controlling energy and strategic materials is now inseparable from power projection. That same logic is increasingly being applied in our own backyard – the Pacific seabed – where new mining could target minerals vital for batteries, electronics, clean energy and the military industrial complex.\nWhat is deep‑sea mining?\nIn the Pacific, most attention today is on nodules in the Clarion‑Clipperton Zone (CCZ), a vast area between Hawaii and Mexico. This zone is administered by the International Seabed Authority (ISA), an intergovernmental body responsible for safeguarding the deep sea.\nNodules, which appear like potato-sized rocks, are found scattered across seabed plains four to six kilometres beneath the surface. These nodules are rich in nickel, cobalt, copper and manganese – metals used in electric vehicle batteries, smartphones and wind turbines.\nMining them involves driving a robotic “vacuum” over the seabed, pumping nodules up a riser pipe to a ship, and shipping concentrates ashore for processing. \nNodules aren’t the only target. Companies also eye sulfide deposits at hydrothermal vents and cobalt‑rich crusts on underwater mountains. \nIncreasingly, seabed minerals have become geopolitically important – and for two key reasons.\nFirst, the energy transition is driving up demand for nickel, cobalt and manganese, with agencies projecting at least a doubling over the next two decades. Second, supply chains are concentrated in a handful of countries, making democracies nervous about choke points.\nPolicymakers and firms therefore see seabed minerals as a hedge: a way to diversify sources of “critical minerals” for clean energy and military defence.\n\n\nPolymetallic nodules on the deep seabed, like this one, contain nickel, cobalt, copper and manganese - metals targeted for batteries and electronics.\nCarolyn Cole/Getty Images\n\nWhere mining meets fishing\nSpanning 1.7 million square miles in international waters, the CCZ is earmarked for mining by 17 contractors under ISA licences.\nAt the same time, climate-driven shifts are drawing key tuna species – bigeye, skipjack and yellowfin – into the CCZ. Models suggest biomass increases of 10% to 30% for these species under warming scenarios. The result? Tuna fisheries and mining operations are set to share the same patch of ocean.\nMining plumes – clouds of sediment and metals stirred up at the seabed and discharged at the surface – could spread tens to hundreds of kilometres horizontally and hundreds of metres vertically.\nFor tuna and their plankton prey, the risks include stress on gills, disrupted feeding cues, and exposure to contaminants. Mid-water food webs could be hit hard: studies suggest over half of zooplankton and micronekton could be affected, rippling up to tuna stocks. \nFor Pacific economies reliant on tuna, this overlap represents a looming collision of industries. These tensions are already playing out in parts of the Pacific, including on New Zealand’s doorstep.\nIn 2025, the Cook Islands – a self-governing nation in free association with New Zealand – signed strategic agreements with both China and the United States: the former through a “Blue Partnership” for seabed mineral research and grants, and the latter via a joint commitment to science-led, responsible development. \nThis underscores how great-power competition is now converging on Pacific seabed resources.\nIn the same year, the US Department of the Interior began exploring deep-sea mineral leasing in federal waters near American Samoa. Local leaders flagged risks to tuna fisheries and culture, urging extended consultations. \nThe process remains exploratory, but it shows how seabed plans can collide with livelihoods even before a single robot touches the seafloor.\nThere are still plenty of unknowns about the environmental impacts.But we know mining removes life-bearing sediment and nodules and that sediment plumes can travel kilometres beyond the site. Decades-old disturbance tracks still show reduced biodiversity. \nA 2024 study warned that plumes could mobilise metals into mid-water habitats, threatening marine life we barely understand. Recovery could take centuries – if it happens at all.\nWhy Pacific-led governance matters\nThe ISA has approved exploration but not exploitation; negotiations keep stalling amid calls, led by Pacific nations, for a moratorium or precautionary pause until science catches up. \nMeanwhile, Pacific states are ratifying the High Seas Treaty, which will enable marine protected areas and require environmental impact assessments – tools to safeguard biodiversity and equity.\nSovereignty here isn’t abstract. In the Cook Islands, it means deciding if and when mining happens after community debate and science. In American Samoa, it means ensuring federal processes don’t undermine tuna-based livelihoods. \nIn a regional sense, it means Pacific voices shaping global decisions, rather than having rules imposed from afar.\nUltimately, the stakes are simple: risk a barely understood ecosystem to supply battery metals and military defence applications, or build the transition around circular materials, stronger land-based standards and robust ocean protections.\nPacific-led governance – grounded in science, culture and consent – is the best chance the world has to make sure decisions about the deep sea benefit people and nature, not just the next commodity cycle.\nViliame Kasanawaqa, Doctoral Researcher, Macmillan Brown Centre for Pacific Studies, University of Canterbury\nThis article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.","kind":"highlight","is_publish_news":true,"is_publish_highlight":false,"is_publish_live":false,"is_publish_wemedia":null,"editions":null,"column":"","sentiment":"0","news_tag":"","news_rank":0,"symbols":[],"gpt_button":0,"need_auth":false,"code":"91000000","status":"200"}}}