霍尔木兹瘫痪：海湾产油国绕道另谋出路，出口规模创纪录

国际财闻汇

Mar 18

伊朗持续封锁霍尔木兹海峡，这条承载全球约20%石油和液化天然气供应的咽喉要道几近瘫痪。据国际能源署（IEA）3月石油市场报告，沙特阿拉伯和阿联酋已迅速启动替代管道，将出口货流转向绕道路线，输量正持续攀升。

沙特阿拉伯通过东西管道向红海港口延布的日输量，已从2025年均值170万桶/日骤升至3月9日的单日历史纪录590万桶，预计数日内可达700万桶/日的满产能。阿联酋哈布山富查伊拉管道连接陆上油田与阿曼湾港口富查伊拉同期日均流量达180万桶，已触及该线路最大容量上限，较危机前约100万桶/日近乎翻倍。

就在海湾国家全力另谋出路之际，TankerTracker.com和Kpler的追踪数据显示，封锁海峡并未妨碍伊朗照常输出。伊朗仍以每日110万至150万桶的速度持续出油。

上周五，美军对哈尔格岛实施空袭，该岛承担伊朗约90%的石油出口，是德黑兰最核心的能源命脉。特朗普在社交媒体宣称美军已“彻底摧毁当地所有军事目标”，并警告若伊朗继续封锁海峡，其石油基础设施将承受更大代价。

市场目前高度关注哈尔格岛的实际受损程度。该岛管道、码头与储油设施构成的复杂网络，即便出现局部中断，也可能进一步收紧全球供应，给本已动荡的原油市场增添新的变数。（国际财闻汇）

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