日本石油协会(PAJ)会长木藤俊一(Shunichi Kito)周三表示,针对当前中东地缘政治冲突引发的供应中断,日本各炼油企业正通过释放国家战略储备与开拓替代采购渠道双管齐下进行应对,预计在即将到来的夏季用能高峰期,日本能够确保充足的替代原油及成品油供应。
木藤俊一指出,当前美国原油已成为日本最主要的替代油源。与此同时,日本正积极协调,力求通过绕过霍尔木兹海峡的陆路或替代航线,继续采购沙特阿拉伯和阿联酋的原油。此外,部分日本企业已开始将采购触角延伸至阿拉斯加、俄罗斯“萨哈林2号”(Sakhalin-2)项目,以及墨西哥、厄瓜多尔和委内瑞拉等拉丁美洲国家。
面对供应链重组带来的物流挑战,木藤俊一强调,由于运载美国原油的超大型油轮(VLCC)无法通过巴拿马运河,部分货轮被迫绕道好望角。这一航程长达约55天,是传统中东航线的两倍以上,将导致运输成本大幅攀升。他坦言,炼油企业最终将不得不把这部分激增的成本传导至消费终端。目前,各炼油厂正抓紧分析替代油种的物理特性,调整混配比例,以适应现有炼化设备的工艺限制。
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