【美债收益率螺旋式攀升 幕后的对冲操作推波助澜】随着美债收益率挺升，债券投资者争相采取保护措施，但这反而可能加剧收益率涨势，幕后的对冲操作正在放大市场波动。市场对通胀的忧虑，加上财政赤字日益膨胀，其影响远远盖过美国财政部扩大国债回购计划带来的效果，美国基准长债收益率处于或接近多年高点。收益率可能进一步攀升的前景，促使交易员买进选择权，以保护其投资组合。近期值得注意的选择权动向包括一笔押注30年期美债收益率升至约5.7%的大型部位，较目前水准高出近半个百分点。随着收益率上升，在这些选择权交易中站在另一边的交易商，也必须积极对冲自身部位。他们往往会卖出期货，或进行支付固定利率的掉期交易，这类部位会随利率上升而增值。这种所谓的凸性对冲或德尔塔对冲，可能在收益率上升之际进一步推高掉期利率，从而放大整体市场走势。
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