【华尔街警告美国AI债务扩张对美国债形成压力】目前,越来越多华尔街机构警告称,美国AI债务扩张已经开始对美国国债市场形成竞争性压力。据摩根大通Michael Cembalest估算,2026年迄今五大超大规模云计算企业加上英伟达的债务发行规模约为3200亿美元,其中长久期部分折合十年期等价规模约3030亿美元,相当于同期美国财政部新增长久期借款的68%。高盛固定收益信贷交易员、投资级信用专家Jeffrey Papai在最新报告中警告称,在年内已累计约3000亿美元AI相关债券发行之后,2026年第四季度供给将显著放缓,为AI信用利差提供短暂喘息窗口。然而这一缓和极为短暂,预计2027年超大规模云计算企业及芯片厂商的债券发行规模将较2026年再增约40%,达到约3400亿美元,届时市场将面临更大冲击。其核心假设包括:2027年超大规模云计算企业资本开支约9300亿美元;债务融资占资本开支比例从2026年的约30%升至37.5%;美元融资占比从约80%降至70%;高级芯片债务从2026年的约350亿美元增至500亿至750亿美元。
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