报告还称,中国数据中心虽长期被认为空置率偏高,但 AI 机房仍然供不应求,原因是大量旧机房供电和散热能力不足,难以直接部署高功耗 AI 服务器,新建大型 AI 数据中心则在快速被租满。以 100MW 数据中心为例,不含服务器等 IT 设备,中国建设成本约 3 亿美元,美国约 15 亿美元,中国同规模设施通常约 12 个月交付。相比美国面临的供电和审批问题,中国扩建 AI 数据中心更突出的瓶颈是先进芯片供应。
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