金吾财讯 | 世界卫生组织周四发布首份儿童与青少年肥胖全球指南，优先推荐饮食调整、运动及行为干预，不优先推崇减重药物治疗。数据显示，1990-2024年全球5-19岁儿童青少年肥胖率由2%升至8%，规模翻四倍，肥胖总人数达1.7亿。肥胖除提升2型糖尿病等慢病风险外，还会带来社会污名、心理歧视等负面影响。指南明确，0-9岁儿童不建议使用减重药物、减重手术及减重器械；针对10-19岁青少年，只有在多模式生活方式干预收效不佳时，才可考虑获批减重药物；减重手术仅可在严格条件下用于重度肥胖青少年。世卫组织营养与食品安全司司长Luz María DeRegil强调，儿童青少年肥胖照护的核心并非药物或手术，而是健康饮食、运动与可持续行为改变的综合支持。当前热门的GLP-1类减重药物包括诺和诺德（NVO）Wegovy、礼来（LLY）Zepbound，华尔街机构预测该赛道2030年最高年销售额可达1000亿美元。监管层面，Zepbound仅获批用于18岁以上成人；Wegovy在美国已获批拓展至12岁及以上青少年。
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